On July 3, 2023, the US Department of Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General (OIG) published its long-awaited final rule implementing the 21st Century Cures Act provisions authorizing OIG to investigate claims of information blocking and impose civil monetary penalties of up to $1 million per information blocking violation. In this Special Report, we discuss key takeaways from the final rule and recommended action items before the rule goes into effect on September 1, 2023.